Tushar's Stock Tips

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ഹായ് Bobby, 2020, നവംബർ 16, തിങ്കളാഴ്‌ച 7:45 PM-ന് (UTC+05:30)-ൽ നിങ്ങളുടെ Facebook പാസ്‌വേഡ് മാറ്റിയിരിക്കുന്നു IP വിലാസം: 116.68.72.246 ഏകദേശ ലൊക്കേഷൻ: KERALA, IN നിങ്ങൾ ഇത്‌ ചെയ്‌തിട്ടുണ്ടെങ്കിൽ, നിങ്ങൾക്ക്‌ ഇപ്പോൾ സുരക്ഷിതമായി ഈ ഇമെയിൽ നിരസിക്കാവുന്നതാണ്.. നിങ്ങൾ ഇത് ചെയ്തില്ല എങ്കിൽ, ദയവായി അക്കൗണ്ട് സുരക്ഷിതമാക്കുക നന്ദി, Facebook സുരക്ഷാ ടീം


		Facebook

ഹായ് Bobby,

2020, നവംബർ 16, തിങ്കളാഴ്‌ച 7:45 PM-ന് (UTC+05:30)-ൽ നിങ്ങളുടെ Facebook പാസ്‌വേഡ് മാറ്റിയിരിക്കുന്നു

IP വിലാസം:	116.68.72.246
ഏകദേശ ലൊക്കേഷൻ:	KERALA, IN

നിങ്ങൾ ഇത്‌ ചെയ്‌തിട്ടുണ്ടെങ്കിൽ, നിങ്ങൾക്ക്‌ ഇപ്പോൾ സുരക്ഷിതമായി ഈ ഇമെയിൽ നിരസിക്കാവുന്നതാണ്..

നിങ്ങൾ ഇത് ചെയ്തില്ല എങ്കിൽ, ദയവായി അക്കൗണ്ട് സുരക്ഷിതമാക്കുക

നന്ദി,
Facebook സുരക്ഷാ ടീം

താങ്കളുടെ അഭ്യർത്ഥന പ്രകാരം ഈ സന്ദേശം tushar.surekha.multibaggertips@blogger.com എന്നതിലേക്ക് അയച്ചു.
Facebook, Inc., Attention: Community Support, 1 Facebook Way, Menlo Park, CA 94025

To help keep your account secure, please don't forward this email. കൂടുതലറിയുക

ഹായ് Bobby, നിങ്ങളുടെ Facebook പാസ്‌വേഡ് പുനഃസജ്ജീകരിക്കാൻ ഞങ്ങൾക്ക് ഒരു അഭ്യർത്ഥന ലഭിച്ചു. താഴെയുള്ള പാസ്‌വേഡ് പുനഃസജ്ജീകരണ കോഡ് നൽകുക: 605150 പകരം നിങ്ങൾക്ക് നേരിട്ട് നിങ്ങളുടെ പാസ്‌വേഡ് മാറ്റാം. പാസ്‌വേഡ് മാറ്റുക ഈ മാറ്റത്തിന് അഭ്യർത്ഥിച്ചില്ലേ? നിങ്ങൾ ഒരു പുതിയ പാസ്‌വേഡിന് അഭ്യർത്ഥിച്ചിട്ടില്ലെങ്കിൽ, ഞങ്ങളെ അറിയിക്കുക .


		Facebook

ഹായ് Bobby,

നിങ്ങളുടെ Facebook പാസ്‌വേഡ് പുനഃസജ്ജീകരിക്കാൻ ഞങ്ങൾക്ക് ഒരു അഭ്യർത്ഥന ലഭിച്ചു.

താഴെയുള്ള പാസ്‌വേഡ് പുനഃസജ്ജീകരണ കോഡ് നൽകുക:

605150

പകരം നിങ്ങൾക്ക് നേരിട്ട് നിങ്ങളുടെ പാസ്‌വേഡ് മാറ്റാം.

പാസ്‌വേഡ് മാറ്റുക

ഈ മാറ്റത്തിന് അഭ്യർത്ഥിച്ചില്ലേ?

നിങ്ങൾ ഒരു പുതിയ പാസ്‌വേഡിന് അഭ്യർത്ഥിച്ചിട്ടില്ലെങ്കിൽ, ഞങ്ങളെ അറിയിക്കുക.

താങ്കളുടെ അഭ്യർത്ഥന പ്രകാരം ഈ സന്ദേശം tushar.surekha.multibaggertips@blogger.com എന്നതിലേക്ക് അയച്ചു.
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So, the late medieval/early Italian wars project now boasts about 300 Burgundian infantry, many of whom can double up as ropey Italians, about 80 Burgundian knights and coustillier, again, many of whom can fill many roles, about 70 later Gendarmes, 30 mounted crossbows, and 300 Swiss pike, with about 50 Swiss skirmishers.

Time for some meat and potatoes....The next thing I wanted were landsknechts, lots of landsknechts.
I bought a bunch of Wargames Foundry figures that would fit the bill, but really the whole point of doing Landsknechts was to be able to use the jewel in the crown of the Steel Fist range, which is incredible., off the top of my head they do about 60 different figures....all with different separate heads....the combinations are enormous.

So far I've only managed 2 x 48 man blocks plus about 20 arquebussier, but it's coming along. The original goal is for 6 blocks....but I might well do more

I've finished up my Storium Basics articles, so now, I'd like to take a little time to write about one more thing. This is something that I think is important for anyone playing Storium, or indeed any sort of RPG or storytelling system. Heck, it's important for general writing as well.

You have to let yourself feel.

If you want to tell powerful stories, you have to let yourself feel.

If you want to truly portray your character, you have to let yourself feel.

If you just want to have the best time you can roleplaying, to have an experience you'll remember and look back on fondly, you have to let yourself feel.

Some people can do this really easily. Others, myself included, have a tougher time with it.

I have a tendency to get pretty mechanical when I'm writing, particularly in RPGs, storytelling games, or the like. I find that I distance myself from the events of the story, from the emotional impact of what goes on, in a way that I don't if I'm just watching a movie or reading a book or playing a video game. When I'm not participating in the writing, I can get involved in the emotion of a story easily. But when I'm participating...

When I'm participating, I spend more time thinking about what should happen next, or what I'm going to do, or what cards I'm going to play, or what my strategy should be for the next step, what abilities I want to use, how my tactics will affect my dice rolls...any or all of that, depending on what sort of writing or gaming we're talking about. It's really easy to distance myself from feeling what's happening in the story, and look at things as the basic exercise of writing or gaming rather than the full-fledged emotional experience of a tale.

There's a social aspect, too, though that's less of a concern in a play-by-post sort of game like Storium. But still...I'm not a guy who likes to have his emotions on full display. I'm not that open, really, and so I tend to consciously or unconsciously resist letting myself react to story events emotionally when I'm writing or playing with others.

I've learned that I have to try to break out of that shell.

The best moments I've had in Storium, in tabletop gaming, in online roleplaying, in MUXes, in any kind of collaborative writing experience...those moments have all been when I let my walls drop. Those are the moments I remember most fondly.

The moments when I let the tears come while I read and wrote.

The moments when I felt anger at the deeds of a villain.

The moments when I worried for a hero who had disappeared.

The moments when I dove into my character's mindset and felt the fear he would about the monster lurking in the dark.

It's so very easy to separate ourselves from the tale. Sometimes we do it because we'd be uncomfortable otherwise. In a horror game, for instance, we'll crack jokes or make table talk about the real world, reemphasizing the unreality of the horror. In the midst of a tragedy, we'll have our heroes stand bold and proud, brushing off the sorrow and just going on being heroes. We can't have them break, because someone might think we've broken too.

But I've learned that when I allow myself to feel, when I allow that fear or horror or sadness or pain or joy or hope or dream or love to affect me, and then allow it to affect my writing, I get an experience I can remember, and an experience others can remember as well.

I've learned that I can best write a character who has gone through struggles and pain when I let myself feel the sadness, just as I would if I weren't participating in the writing. I've learned to force myself to treat roleplaying and collaborative storytelling just like watching a movie or reading a book or playing a video game with a great tale - I've learned to drop my guard and let things hit me.

Because when I let things hit me, I let them hit my character, and when I let them hit my character, my character's reactions are more honest, more powerful, more raw and pure. It makes the character feel like a full-fledged person, with hopes and dreams and fears and pain, who is affected by the tale, driven by the tale, pushed to react and to experience emotion and to be changed by those experiences.

For me, it's hard. It's honestly hard. It's so easy to slip back into just thinking, "Well, what should happen next?" or "What card should I use here?" or "What tactic seems best?" or "What would be a cool thing to do?" or "What's my next one-liner?" And look - all of those questions can be, frequently are good things to ask. But not if they separate you from actually feeling. And for me, they can, unless I force myself to into the right mindset. For me, they can, unless I specifically connect myself with the heart of the tale.

This isn't something I can tell you how to do. Everybody's different. Everybody reacts to a story differently. For some of you, this isn't even something you'll have to think about. Some of you are reading this article and thinking, "Wow, I mean, I just get in my character's head and I feel this stuff anyway." And that's great! There are people who can just do that, who can just feel like a character, get in their head, think like they do, and feel like they do. It's something you hear about from great actors all the time, and it's something I've heard from great roleplayers as well.

But if you're like me, and you find yourself thinking clinically about stories, thinking about plot designs, thinking about cards or dice or what-have-you, thinking about character motivations from a distance...I can't tell you how to do it, but I encourage you to try to break that. Think like a reader, think like someone who is experiencing the tale. Don't think what your character should do, feel what your character will do.

If you're like me, that isn't going to be easy, and you aren't going to succeed all the time. But those moments where you do succeed? Those are going to be the moments you remember, the moments you deeply treasure, the moments you look back on years from now and relive in your mind.

When that happens...you see the true treasure that roleplaying, that collaborative storytelling, that writing in general can be. You leave a part of yourself in that story. You become a part of it, and it becomes a part of you. It is a beautiful, wonderful experience.

So...let yourself feel. Open yourself to that experience. Let the story in.

This will be the final weekly article of Storium Theory. I'm not going to say that I'm solidly done, that there will never be another article, but I've said just about everything I can think of to say at present. I've written one hundred and thirty-three articles about Storium, counting this one, and I've written about it since November 2015. That's...probably more than I've written about anything else in my life, ever. And that's not counting my participation in Storium Arc, where I've spent many hours talking about this great system and community as well.

It's amazing to me the level of depth that a system like Storium has turned out to have...the fact that I could find so much to write about it, the fact that I could write for such a long time on it and it alone...that honestly surprised me. When I started this out, I didn't initially set it up on my blog. I was just going to have four or five little articles on a webpage somewhere, just a quick little guide of sorts for new Storium players or narrators.

But Storium was deeper than that. Storium was more than that. Exploring Storium took longer, took more thought, became more interesting to me. I found myself exploring the ways the system could be used, the ways you could use challenges to do interesting things, and that got me thinking about how things could work in my own games or with my own characters, and those fed back into articles here.

Now...again, I can't say I'm done. I'm still playing Storium, and topics will still likely arise. But for now, this is the end of weekly articles, of regularly scheduled articles.

I hope that those of you who have read these have found them useful. I hope that I've helped you get more comfortable with the Storium system, and to learn to use it in creative ways, ways that can enhance your stories and lead to memorable and fun games. I hope that I've helped you get into your characters and explore them more deeply.

But now, as ever, I want to emphasize something: My way to play Storium is not the only way to play Storium. My way to write is not the only way to write. As I close up this post, and with it, the regular Storium Theory articles, I want to encourage you to look not just here, but to the community in general, to other Storium games, to other resources. If you need help, ask for it - the community is willing. If you need examples, look for them among the other games out there. See how things have worked. Explore. And come up with your own methods, your own interesting ways to use the system, your own house rules.

Storium is a simple system in concept, but a deep one at heart. Take the time to get to know it and it will reward you.

May the future bring you friendship, great stories, and treasured memories.

Lords Of The Fallen Free Download

Lords Of The Fallen Free Download PC game Setup for Windows. It is an action role playing game based on a very interesting storyline.

Lords Of The Fallen PC Game 2014 Overview

Lords Of The Fallen PC Game is developed by Deck13 Interactive and CI Games and published by Bandai Namco Games. This is very interesting game. Where player has to play the role of Harkyn. The game took place in a world. Where any crime cannot remain hidden. Every bad deeds will be visible on his face. The overall environment in which the player will be playing the game looks more like a fantasy world. Where the player is on a mission to stop some extra ordinary powerful forces. Player will follow the journey of fantasy world and have to destroy the other forces. Different characters will follow throughout the game. Where may be some resistance from those characters. But the player has to face those opponents in any case otherwise he may lose the game. One of the feature that has been added is magic. Harkyn can do magic spells and can perform many of his tasks. Magic helps him in fighting, in upgrading his weapons and power. Player can choose the magic type from a number of magic spell available. He can also choose the weapon type and the combination of both magic and weapons selects the player characteristics and class. If you like playing action games then you may like similar game. game of thrones episode 5. Download it free from our website.

Graphics and animations used in Lords Of The Fallen are amazing. The costumes of the characters are also very much similar to their skills and class. It gives a realistic effect to the user. The surrounding atmosphere also looks very real. The background music is also very amazing and is similar to the situations in the game. You may also like playing similar game called sorcerer king which can be downloaded free from our site.

Features of Lords of the Fallen

Following are the main features of Lords Of The Fallen PC Game that you will be able to experience after the first install on your Operating System.

Animations and graphics are amazing
Action Role Playing game
Player can take help of magic spells
Latest technology weapons

System Requirements of Lords Of The Fallen PC Game 2014

Before you start Lords Of The Fallen Free Download make sure your PC meets minimum system requirements

Operating System: Tested On Windows 7 64 Bit
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RAM: 6 GB / 8GB
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Click on below button to start Lords Of The Fallen Free Download. It is a full and complete game. Just download and start playing it. We have provided direct link full setup of the game.

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Recently in the past month or so, I became much more serious about finding ways to get rid of my pain, which is due to poor posture. In the past, I never had any pain getting up after sitting for hours and hours straight. I can sit 8 hours plus from work, and certainly longer as a couch potato, without experiencing any pain when I get up.

In other situations, where I'm standing or walking for as short as 30 minutes or less, I start to have the typical back pain, which is quite bothersome, but I was used to it as this has been a longstanding problem since childhood.

However, this time it was different. I noticed that I'd have considerable pain and stiffness, especially in the lower back and groin area, after sitting for just an hour, which is a stark change. This concerned me, because I never had any issues with sitting before.

Further, I started to become more active due to the motto, "sitting is the new smoking", and just standing for 5 minutes caused rather bad back and leg pain.

Additionally, I was disgruntled about how, despite doing weight training, it was still difficult for me to push open heavy doors and carrying groceries around. I haphazardly tried weight body training as discussed here in my review of Your Body Is Your Barbell, but no real progress since I couldn't do even the simplest moves in the book, so I sadly gave up.

Indeed, a lot of the functional strength and bodyweight books are too difficult even at the easiest level, that there's no way I can make progress.

After doing research, I stumbled upon Tim Anderson's The Becoming Bulletproof Project, especially as the book got insanely great reviews on Amazon, and most if not all were hyperbolic! I decided to try it out, especially as it's free for Kindle members (there is a free trial available). I was very impressed with the book, so I purchased a copy.

Just doing the two things he mentioned - keep tongue at roof of mouth, and diaphragmatic breathing, improved my energy levels. When I started doing the reset exercises (these are gentle warm-up exercises before the training), my pain significantly improved.

The book is delightfully short and concise, as Mr. Anderson did a great job explaining exactly why the reset exercises help with pain and improve mobility. He also explains why you'll feel bulletproof when you succeed in these difficult tasks. For this review, discussing these reasons are beyond the scope, but he does a great job explaining and encouraging you, that you get hyped.

The sample beginner exercises are quite "harsh" as they seem to be more anaerobic (heart rate gets up to 110 at the most per polar heart rate monitor), but we need to do this for 10 minutes straight! Note he does give progressions, so if you can't do, for example, leopard crawls, start with baby crawling and build up.

I recall that we can only be in anaerobic mode for around 2 minutes before you go into aerobic states, but by then, you'd be gasping for breath. In other words, I feel that if I can do the beginner exercises with ease, I'd be a complete badass, and indeed bulletproof for me. I appreciate Mr. Anderson discussing how your idea of bulletproof is based on what you feel, not per cultural and societal expectations. The intermediate/advanced seemed extreme to me, but definitely something exciting to aspire to!

He doesn't shame you at all if you're satisfied, like me, just to have no pain, improve mobility, and able to carry groceries and push doors with ease, even if you never progress to intermediate!

Further, all the exercises listed in his beginner exercises template, can be done at home. For the battling ropes, since fitness centers are closed due to Covid-19, I substituted ropes with the transferring water exercise instead. I wrote to Mr. Anderson, and he told me you can use large beach towels instead, but at that time, I found the transferring water exercise more intriguing.

Due to the challenge aspect, the exercises are actually fun. There was one day when I bolted out of bed, excited to see if I can improve my time with the leopard crawl.

I noticed I'm very consistent with exercise if it's fun and there's a goal to reach. Certainly, one of the most fun exercises is the leopard crawl which is exactly like baby crawling, except knees off floor.

For me, the exercises were quite hard, especially going at it for 10 minutes, up to 20 minutes with rest. I felt like quitting. For the climbing mountain routine, I had to substitute real pushups for wall pushups, but nevertheless, I was able to do all the routines in his Set A beginner sample, with modifications.

I didn't want to quit though, and sleeping on it, I recall the challenge of the Jacob's Ladder (Exhibit A). At first, I can only do

Exhibit A: Jacob's Ladder

less than 4 minutes, but I added 15 to 30 seconds per day (more if possible), and eventually reached 20 minutes straight before the quarantine! So I thought, apply this same method to the leopard crawl and only focus on this as I tend to be a single-minded person.

I believe anyone, after being able to do the baby crawl with good form and ease, can do 1 second of the leopard crawl, and then just add another second the next day, and build up. Who cares if you take one year, because you made it and you can achieve longer times!

For now, Day 1 of Leopard Crawl, I lasted for 1 minute 30 seconds. By adding 15 seconds every day, I can get to 10 minutes eventually! Mr. Anderson was absolutely right, if you can do this for 10 minutes straight, you can easily do well over 30 minutes. As of this writing, at day 14, I'm already at 6 minutes, and I skipped several days. Hence I can see myself getting to 10 minutes and beyond very soon.

In fact, I know I can do it! This is the exact experience I had with the Jacob's Ladder - when I got to 10 minutes, I was able to add full minutes, getting to 20 minutes very quickly! Indeed, the slowest growth was going from a few minutes to 10 minutes, which took well over a month.

Mr. Anderson is very inspirational as he has a "you can do it attitude", because the reality is, you CAN do it! Just start at very small increments and you can easily get to 10 minutes, I can see your being able to do 1 hour if pressed!

I have no doubt that a 60-year old gentleman was telling the truth about how he was able to do 45 minutes, and I know in my gut that he's telling the truth, and I feel he can do more than that if he wanted to. If you get to 10 minutes, you can do way more.

The leopard crawl appears to be for cardio conditioning. For the functional strength of this program, and this is truly functional, some of the other exercises include walking with arms swinging, carrying backpack of 30 pounds (women, more for men) for 10 minutes straight, resting if you have to, but making sure you do the work for 10 total minutes.

Suitcase carries is another exercise. Indeed, these are the exercises we do daily! I may even add going up and down stairs once I get better.

For the first week when I followed the program to the letter, lifting gallons of jugs was actually easy and they felt light! I was impressed, as before, I strained carrying gallon jugs. I strained even when I was at the "height" of my health when I was doing multiple sets of dumbbell exercises, with repetitions of 15, 12, 10, 8, 6 to failure.

Inspired by improvement in pain and getting functionally stronger that was quite noticeable, I resumed my goals of walking 10K steps daily. Before, I couldn't bear the pain with less than 30 minutes of walking 2 miles per hour, even while playing video games to take my mind off the pain.

However now, I only have some back and leg pain after 2 to 3 hours walking at 2 mph! Doing the bulletproof reset does help ease the pain considerably (perhaps around 75% improvement) but not quite at 100% pain-free. 75% is incredible! It felt so empowering that I can walk for such long periods of time without pain (until the very end).

In the upcoming posts, I'll discuss the two other methods I used, where I was able to eradicate pain, these exercises being fun and not something you skip because they're too boring.

In conclusion, Tim Anderson's book is incredible - if you're cleared by your doctor, and you're suffering from pain and feeling weak such that you struggle with carrying groceries, this book is for you.

Why not give the book a try? Subscribe to Amazon's free trial and check out the book for yourself! If you find it works, then it's definitely worth getting a hard copy for easier reference.

Review of Neff's Self-Compassion

The Origawn Rebels have been short a mounted infantry officer for a while now. Since I've been in painting mode, and had a suitable mounted homecast Guards Officer casting on hand, I figured that this was a good time to convert him and get him ready for action.

Painting to begin on Sunday.

Decompiling is very useful for understanding srtipped binaries, most dissasemblers like IDA or Hopper have a plugin for decompiling binaries, generating a c like pseudocode.

Static analysis, is very useful in most of cases, specially when the binary is not so big, or when you just have an address where to start to analyze. But some algorithms will be learned in less time by dynamic analysis like tracing or debugging.

In cookiemonsters team, we are working on several tracers with different focus, but all of them mix the concept of tracing and decompiling to generate human-readable traces.

S2 is my tracer & decompiler plugin for gdb, very useful for ctfs.

Some of the features are:

- signed/unsigned detecion
- conditional pseudocode (if)
- syscall resolution
- unroll bucles
- used registers values
- mem states
- strings
- logging

The code:

https://bitbucket.org/sha0coder/gdb_automatization/

What is Password Cracking?

Password cracking is the process of attempting to gain Unauthorized access to restricted systems using common passwords or algorithms that guess passwords. In other words, it's an art of obtaining the correct password that gives access to a system protected by an authentication method.

Password cracking employs a number of techniques to achieve its goals. The cracking process can involve either comparing stored passwords against word list or use algorithms to generate passwords that match

In this Tutorial, we will introduce you to the common password cracking techniques and the countermeasures you can implement to protect systems against such attacks.

Topics covered in this tutorial

What is password strength?

Password strength is the measure of a password's efficiency to resist password cracking attacks. The strength of a password is determined by;

Length: the number of characters the password contains.
Complexity: does it use a combination of letters, numbers, and symbol?
Unpredictability: is it something that can be guessed easily by an attacker?

Let's now look at a practical example. We will use three passwords namely

1. password

2. password1

3. #password1$

For this example, we will use the password strength indicator of Cpanel when creating passwords. The images below show the password strengths of each of the above-listed passwords.

Note: the password used is password the strength is 1, and it's very weak.

Note: the password used is password1 the strength is 28, and it's still weak.

Note: The password used is #password1$ the strength is 60 and it's strong.

The higher the strength number, better the password.

Let's suppose that we have to store our above passwords using md5 encryption. We will use an online md5 hash generator to convert our passwords into md5 hashes.

The table below shows the password hashes

Password	MD5 Hash	Cpanel Strength Indicator
password	5f4dcc3b5aa765d61d8327deb882cf99	1
password1	7c6a180b36896a0a8c02787eeafb0e4c	28
#password1$	29e08fb7103c327d68327f23d8d9256c	60

We will now use http://www.md5this.com/ to crack the above hashes. The images below show the password cracking results for the above passwords.

As you can see from the above results, we managed to crack the first and second passwords that had lower strength numbers. We didn't manage to crack the third password which was longer, complex and unpredictable. It had a higher strength number.

Password cracking techniques

There are a number of techniques that can be used to crack passwords. We will describe the most commonly used ones below;

Dictionary attack– This method involves the use of a wordlist to compare against user passwords.
Brute force attack– This method is similar to the dictionary attack. Brute force attacks use algorithms that combine alpha-numeric characters and symbols to come up with passwords for the attack. For example, a password of the value "password" can also be tried as p@$$word using the brute force attack.
Rainbow table attack– This method uses pre-computed hashes. Let's assume that we have a database which stores passwords as md5 hashes. We can create another database that has md5 hashes of commonly used passwords. We can then compare the password hash we have against the stored hashes in the database. If a match is found, then we have the password.
Guess– As the name suggests, this method involves guessing. Passwords such as qwerty, password, admin, etc. are commonly used or set as default passwords. If they have not been changed or if the user is careless when selecting passwords, then they can be easily compromised.
Spidering– Most organizations use passwords that contain company information. This information can be found on company websites, social media such as facebook, twitter, etc. Spidering gathers information from these sources to come up with word lists. The word list is then used to perform dictionary and brute force attacks.

Spidering sample dictionary attack wordlist

1976 <founder birth year>

smith jones <founder name>

acme <company name/initials>

built|to|last <words in company vision/mission>

golfing|chess|soccer <founders hobbies

Password cracking tool

These are software programs that are used to crack user passwords. We already looked at a similar tool in the above example on password strengths. The website www.md5this.com uses a rainbow table to crack passwords. We will now look at some of the commonly used tools

John the Ripper

John the Ripper uses the command prompt to crack passwords. This makes it suitable for advanced users who are comfortable working with commands. It uses to wordlist to crack passwords. The program is free, but the word list has to be bought. It has free alternative word lists that you can use. Visit the product website http://www.openwall.com/john/ for more information and how to use it.

Cain & Abel

Cain & Abel runs on windows. It is used to recover passwords for user accounts, recovery of Microsoft Access passwords; networking sniffing, etc. Unlike John the Ripper, Cain & Abel uses a graphic user interface. It is very common among newbies and script kiddies because of its simplicity of use. Visit the product website http://www.softpedia.com/get/Security/Decrypting-Decoding/Cain-and-Abel.shtml for more information and how to use it.

Ophcrack

Ophcrack is a cross-platform Windows password cracker that uses rainbow tables to crack passwords. It runs on Windows, Linux and Mac OS. It also has a module for brute force attacks among other features. Visit the product website http://ophcrack.sourceforge.net/ for more information and how to use it.

Password Cracking Counter Measures

An organization can use the following methods to reduce the chances of the passwords been cracked
Avoid short and easily predicable passwords
Avoid using passwords with predictable patterns such as 11552266.
Passwords stored in the database must always be encrypted. For md5 encryptions, its better to salt the password hashes before storing them. Salting involves adding some word to the provided password before creating the hash.
Most registration systems have password strength indicators, organizations must adopt policies that favor high password strength numbers.

Hacking Activity: Hack Now!

In this practical scenario, we are going to crack Windows account with a simple password. Windows uses NTLM hashes to encrypt passwords. We will use the NTLM cracker tool in Cain and Abel to do that.

Cain and Abel cracker can be used to crack passwords using;

Dictionary attack
Brute force
Cryptanalysis

We will use the dictionary attack in this example. You will need to download the dictionary attack wordlist here 10k-Most-Common.zip

For this demonstration, we have created an account called Accounts with the password qwerty on Windows 7.

Password cracking steps

Open Cain and Abel, you will get the following main screen

Make sure the cracker tab is selected as shown above
Click on the Add button on the toolbar.

The following dialog window will appear

The local user accounts will be displayed as follows. Note the results shown will be of the user accounts on your local machine.

Right click on the account you want to crack. For this tutorial, we will use Accounts as the user account.

The following screen will appear

Right click on the dictionary section and select Add to list menu as shown above
Browse to the 10k most common.txt file that you just downloaded

Click on start button
If the user used a simple password like qwerty, then you should be able to get the following results.

Note: the time taken to crack the password depends on the password strength, complexity and processing power of your machine.
If the password is not cracked using a dictionary attack, you can try brute force or cryptanalysis attacks.

Summary

Password cracking is the art of recovering stored or transmitted passwords.
Password strength is determined by the length, complexity, and unpredictability of a password value.
Common password techniques include dictionary attacks, brute force, rainbow tables, spidering and cracking.
Password cracking tools simplify the process of cracking passwords.

@EVERYTHING NT

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What is Password Cracking?

Topics covered in this tutorial

What is password strength?

Password cracking techniques

Password cracking tool

Password Cracking Counter Measures

Hacking Activity: Hack Now!

Password cracking steps

Summary

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